Internet Engineering Task Force Alain Durand
INTERNET-DRAFT Jim Paugh
July 20, 2001 SUN Microsystems, Inc
Expires January 21, 2001
MIME TYPE definition for tunnels
<draft-durand-ngtrans-tunnel-mime-type-03.txt>
Status of Memo
This document is an Internet-Draft and is in full conformance with
all provisions of Section 10 of RFC2026.
This document is an Internet-Draft. Internet-Drafts are working
documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), its areas,
and its working groups. Note that other groups may also distribute
working documents as Internet-Drafts.
Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six
months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents
at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as
reference material or to cite them other than as
``work in progress.''
The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at
http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt
The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at
http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html.
Abstract
Tunnels are very common in the Internet. They are often
used to deploy new technologies such as multicast or IPv6 when the
underlying infrastructure is not ready to natively support
those new protocols. Virtual Private Network are also often build
using IP in IP tunnels.
This document describe a MIME type that provide configuration
information for tunnels.
1. Introduction
Managing IP in IP tunnels can be a complex task and various
approaches have been developed to assist network administrators.
In the context of IPv6 transition, the tunnel broker model [BROKER]
has been developed for that very purpose and highlighted the need
for a formal description of IPv6 in IPv4 tunnels.
However, such a description can be made more generic and provide
information about almost any kind of tunnels.
2. Related work
[RADTUN] describe tunnel attributes in RADIUS format.
3. Tunnel management
Tools and/or protocols to do the actual tunnel management are
out of the scope of this document.
4. MIME type definition
In conformance with [MIME], the MIME object to describe
tunnels is defined in the IETF tree as a subtype
of the "Application" MIME type.
The proposed subtype is "tunnel".
The tunnel described by this object is a unidirectional tunnel
from host SRC to host DST.
4.1 Parameters
Mandatory parameters: none
Optional parameters: none
4.2 Mandatory MIME headers
4.2.1 Encapsulation type
header name: encapsulation-type
header type: Integer
possible values:
Tunnel encapsulation types values are taken from [RADTUN].
1 Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol [PPTP]
2 Layer Two Forwarding [L2F]
3 Layer Two Tunneling Protocol [L2TP]
4 Ascend Tunnel Management Protocol [ATMP]
5 Virtual Tunneling Protocol (VTP)
6 IP Authentication Header in the Tunnel-mode (AH) [IPsec]
7 IP-in-IP Encapsulation [IP-IP]
8 Minimal IP-in-IP Encapsulation [MIN-IP]
9 IP Encapsulating Security Payload in the Tunnel-mode [ESP]
10 Generic Route Encapsulation [GRE]
11 Bay Dial Virtual Services (DVS)
12 IP-in-IP Tunneling [IPinIP]
4.2.2 Tunnel inner medium type
header name: inner-medium
header type: Integer
possible values:
Tunnel inner medium type values are taken from [NUMBER].
A short exerpt is:
1 IPv4 (IP version 4)
2 IPv6 (IP version 6)
3 NSAP
4 HDLC (8-bit multidrop)
5 BBN 1822
6 802 (includes all 802 media plus Ethernet "canonical format")
7 E.163 (POTS)
8 E.164 (SMDS, Frame Relay, ATM)
9 F.69 (Telex)
10 X.121 (X.25, Frame Relay)
11 IPX
12 Appletalk
13 Decnet IV
14 Banyan Vines
15 E.164 with NSAP format subaddress
4.2.3 Tunnel outer medium type
header name: outer-medium
header type: Integer
possible values:
Tunnel outer medium type values are taken from [NUMBER].
A short exerpt is:
1 IPv4 (IP version 4)
2 IPv6 (IP version 6)
3 NSAP
4 HDLC (8-bit multidrop)
5 BBN 1822
6 802 (includes all 802 media plus Ethernet "canonical format")
7 E.163 (POTS)
8 E.164 (SMDS, Frame Relay, ATM)
9 F.69 (Telex)
10 X.121 (X.25, Frame Relay)
11 IPX
12 Appletalk
13 Decnet IV
14 Banyan Vines
15 E.164 with NSAP format subaddress
4.2.4 Inner source address
header name: inner-src
header type: string
possible values: any textual representation of an
address enclosed in square brackets.
Inner source address is the source address in the inner
header of any packet originated from host SRC through the tunnel.
4.2.4 Outer source address
header name: outer-src
header type: string
possible values: any textual representation of an
address enclosed in square brackets.
Outer source address is the source address in the outer
header of any packet originated from host SRC through the tunnel.
4.2.5 Inner destination address
header name: inner-dst
header type: string
possible values: any textual representation of an
address enclosed in square brackets.
Inner destination address is the destination address in the inner
header of any packet originated from host SRC through the tunnel.
4.2.6 Outer destination address
header name: outer-dst
header type: string
possible values: any textual representation of an
address enclosed in square brackets.
Outer destination address is the destination address in the outer
header of any packet originated from host SRC through the tunnel.
4.3 Optional MIME headers
4.3.1 Inner addresses lifetime
header name: inner-lifetime
header type: Integer
possible values: the lifetime in second of the inner pair
of addresses, source and destination.
A value of zero means infinite lifetime.
4.3.2 Outer addresses lifetime
header name: outer-lifetime
header type: Integer
possible values: the lifetime in second of the outer pair
of addresses, source and destination.
A value of zero means infinite lifetime.
4.3.3 E-mail contact for SRC
header name: src-email
header type: string
possible values: any valid email address, according to [MAIL].
This is the administrative contact email address for host SRC.
The exact semantic of this parameter is beyond the scope of
this document.
4.3.4 E-mail contact for DST
header name: dst-email
header type: string
possible values: any valid email address, according to [MAIL].
This is the administrative contact email address for host DST.
The exact semantic of this parameter is beyond the scope of
this document.
5. Example
The following will describe and IPv6 in IPv4 tunnel
between SRC host A and DST host B. The lifetime of
the tunnel is 1 hour. Alain Durand is the contact
for host A and Jim Paugh is the contact for host B.
Host A IPv4 address is 100.100.100.100
Host A IPv6 address is 3ffe:ffff:ffff:1:0:0:0:A
Host B IPv4 address is 200.200.200.200
Host B IPv6 address is 3ffe:ffff:ffff:2:0:0:0:B
The mime object is:
Mime-version: 1.0
Content-type: Application/tunnel
encapsulation-type: 7
inner-medium: 2
outer-medium: 1
inner-src: 3ffe:ffff:ffff:1:0:0:0:A
outer-src: 100.100.100.100
inner-dst: 3ffe:ffff:ffff:2:0:0:0:B
outer-dst: 200.200.200.200
inner-lifetime: 3600
src-email: Alain.Durand@sun.com
dst-email: Jim.Paugh@sun.com
6. IANA registration
To: ietf-types@iana.org
Subject: Registration of MIME media type application/tunnel
MIME media type name: application
MIME subtype name: tunnel
Required parameters: none
Optional parameters: none
Encoding considerations: None
Required headers: encapsulation-type,
inner-medium, outer-medium,
inner-src, outer-src,
inner-dst, outer-dst
Optional headers: inner-lifetime, outer-lifetime,
src-email, dst-email
Security considerations:
The information contained in this MIME type may be used by
application to configured tunnel. Inaccurate information can
introduce all kind of security hazards, thus it is of the utmost
importance that these information are transferred over a secure
channel, that their originator is authenticated and that they are
guaranteed not to be corrupted.
Interoperability considerations:
The mandatory parameters are necessary to guarantee interoperability.
Published specification: none
Applications which use this media type:
Tunnel Brokers, tunnel servers,
tunnel clients, any database storing tunnel information.
Additional information:
Magic number(s): none
File extension(s): none
Macintosh File Type Code(s): none
Person & email address to contact for further information:
Alain Durand Jim Paugh
Alain.Durand@sun.com Jim.Paugh@sun.com
Intended usage: COMMON
Author/Change controller: Alain.Durand@sun.com, Jim.Paugh@sun.com
7. Security Considerations
The information contained in this MIME type may be used by
application to configured tunnel. Inaccurate information can
introduce all kind of security hazards, thus it is of the utmost
importance that these information are transferred over a secure
channel, that their originator is authenticated and that they are
guaranteed not to be corrupted. The exact procedure/protocols to be
used for this purpose is out of the scope of this document.
8. References
[BROKER] Durand, A., Fasano, P., Guardini, I., Lento, D.,
IPv6 Tunnel Broker,
RFC3052, February 2001
[MIME] Freed, N., Borenstein, N.,
"Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
(MIME) Part four: MIME registration procedure, RFC2048,
November 1996.
[RADTUN] Zorn, G., Leifer, D., Rubens, A., Shriver, J., Holdrege, M.,
Goyret, I., RADIUS Attributes for Tunnel Protocol Support,
RFC2868, June 2000.
[MAIL] Crocker, D.,
Standard for the format of ARPA Internet text messages,
RFC822, August 1982.
[NUMBER] Reynolds, J. and J. Postel,
"Assigned Numbers", STD 2, RFC 1700,
October 1994.
[PPTP] Hamzeh, K., Pall, G., Verthein, W., Taarud,
J., Little, W. and G. Zorn,
"Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP)",
RFC 2637, July 1999.
[L2F] Valencia, A., Littlewood, M. and T. Kolar, T.,
"Cisco Layer Two Forwarding (Protocol) 'L2F'",
RFC2341, May 1998.
[L2TP] Townsley, W., Valencia, A., Rubens, A., Pall,
G., Zorn, G. and B. Palter,
"Layer Two Tunnelling Protocol (L2TP)",
RFC2661, August 1999.
[ATMP] Hamzeh, K., "Ascend Tunnel Management Protocol - ATMP",
RFC2107, February 1997.
[IPsec] Kent, S. and R. Atkinson,
"Security Architecture for the Internet Protocol",
RFC2401, November 1998.
[IP-IP] Perkins, C., "IP Encapsulation within IP",
RFC2003, October 1996.
[Min-IP] Perkins, C., "Minimal Encapsulation within IP",
RFC2004, October 1996.
[ESP] Atkinson, R., "IP Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP)",
RFC1827, August 1995.
[GRE] Hanks, S., Li, T., Farinacci, D. and P. Traina,
"Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE)",
RFC 1701, October 1994.
[INinIP] Simpson, W., "IP in IP Tunneling",
RFC1853, October 1995.
9. Author's addresses
Alain Durand
SUN Microsystems, Inc
901 San Antonio Road
MPK17-202
Palo Alto, CA 94303-4900
USA
Mail: Alain.Durand@sun.com
Jim Paugh
SUN Microsystems, Inc
901 San Antonio Road
MPK17-203
Palo Alto, CA 94303-4900
USA
Mail: Jim.Paugh@sun.com